Like the old PLAN AHEA poster.
His ledger and his math doodles show how the columnar approach was still strong even in a strictly decimal system.
Part of the ledger:
Note the lack of leading zero on the cents column, and the blanks instead of zeros on amounts without cents.
And his doodles:
Again, even in a familiar layout of a subtraction problem, and even with actual decimal points indicated, the cents and dollars are felt to be distinct columns.
Question: Was the leading zero introduced by adding machines and cash registers?
Easy answer: No. Here's a sample ledger from an 1844 bookkeeping text:
No cents indicated by 00, two and a half cents indicated by 02½.
Leading zero was available and taught before machines, but probably enhanced by dealing with machines.Labels: Asked and answered, Real World Math
The current icon shows Polistra using a Personal Equation Machine.