According to a new study of mice and humans, tiny tunnels run from skull bone marrow to the lining of the brain and may provide a direct route for immune cells responding to injuries caused by stroke and other brain disorders. They were able to distinguish whether immune cells traveling to brain tissue damaged by stroke or meningitis, came from bone marrow in the skull or the tibia, a large legbone. In this study, the researchers focused on neutrophils, a particular type of immune cell, which are among the first to arrive at an injury site. Results in mouse brains showed that during stroke, the skull is more likely to supply neutrophils to the injured tissue than the tibia. In contrast, following a heart attack, the skull and tibia provided similar numbers of neutrophils to the heart, which is far from both of those areas.Surprise 1: Tunnels in the skull lead from the cushioning membrane around the brain into the bone marrow of the skull. Surprise 2: There is bone marrow in the skull. Surprise 3: The marrow creates specific immune cells on command. Surprise 4: The tibia (way down there below the knee!) also responds to the same emergencies. Surprise 5: The skull marrow jumps in and helps in a heart attack. This is like suddenly discovering a set of fire departments around each neighborhood, quietly sending ladder trucks to every fire without ever being noticed. = = = = = Dubious sidenote: Does this relate to the other recent surprising finding that walking generates new neurons? Are there several unnoticed leg-to-brain circuits? = = = = = Less dubious: I've been wondering for a long time if there is a direct coupling between the brain and the muscles and tendons of the scalp. I've figured out that a bad or tense mood can be loosened quickly by loosening the scalp and jaw muscles, especially with a little acupressure. After the scalp is loose, unfamiliar memories and new ideas tend to pop out immediately. This doesn't make sense if the skull is impenetrable bone, but if there are lots of little pores, perhaps carrying axons??? this immediate action could make sense. Also see this.
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