Really? Yep.
Smithsonian has an article about the hand-over-heart salute to the flag. This wasn't the original method; previously we raised right hands toward the flag. In the '30s the raised hand was also used in Germany, so we had to be different.
Didn't sound right, so I started looking through old books. Found two different education journals from 1918:
South Dakota Educator and
Popular Educator.
Got a lot more than salutes! There's a dramatic difference between the two magazines. SD Educator was about 70% Wilsonian propaganda and 30% info for teachers. The info for teachers was the same atrocious shit we got in the '50s and '60s. Rote memorization of useless, invalid and completely wrong nonsense.
Nice example in "English":
The author is recommending the usual
VIOLENTLY WRONG Latinate grammar. Also as usual, there's bonus wrongness beyond the "It is I" shit. Look at the last sentence.
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Popular Educator was unbelievably GOOD. Every single lesson is done PROPERLY. Start with job skills and life skills: cooking food, sewing clothes, gardening, handling money. All of the usual "subjects" are branched from the skills.
It's SO DAMN GOOD that I'm tempted to cite every page, but I'll hold it down to two:
Using food to explore math, language, geography, and scientific method. Every bit of the "subjects" is valid and useful. Every bit of the presentation is informal and lively. No Latin shit, no rote formulas.
= = = = =
But I joyfully digress. What about the salute?
Sure enough, amid a project that had the kids making their own costumes and writing their own scripts. This isn't exactly the Kraut form; the hands are pointing in various directions, not uniformly downward. Several are cupped upward to receive blessings. [Quiz question: Who does the camera love? No points for correct answer. I'll bet she had an
interesting life.]
Labels: Experiential education