Horses were shown a picture of a happy facial expression or an angry facial expression on a screen, and they then heard a pre-recorded human voice -- praising or scolding -- from a speaker behind the screen. Horses received both the congruent condition, in which the emotional values of facial expression and voice tone were matched, and the incongruent condition, in which they were not. Results of the experiment showed that horses responded to voices 1.6 to 2.0 times faster in the incongruent condition than in the congruent condition regardless of familiarity of the person. In addition, the horses looked to the speaker 1.4 times longer in the incongruent condition than in the congruent condition when the person was familiar. These results suggest that horses integrate human facial expressions and voice tones to perceive human emotions, therefore an expectancy violation occurred when horses heard a human voice whose emotional value was not congruent with the human facial expression.Humans obviously need this ability for other humans, and horses obviously need refined detection for other horses. It's plausible that this ability within a species could have evolved. There was plenty of time and plenty of motivation. BUT 1: Human voices and emotional stress indicators are NOTHING like horse voices. Human faces are entirely different from horse faces, both in basic skull shape and in use of muscles to indicate emotion. BUT 2: Horses and humans have been working together for only 6000 years in a few places, and 1000 years in most places. Nowhere near enough time to "evolve" a special template for human voices and human face forms. THEREFORE: "Evolution" can't begin to explain this. Only a pre-existing broad system of communication, possibly electromagnetic between brains, with intelligent adjustment for the languages of unfamiliar species. In fairness, the broad system is not universal. Dogs, horses and cats have all been domestic with humans for a very long time. Dogs and humans understand each other well, including detection of tricks. Horses and humans have a similar level of understanding. But cats and humans have very little mutual comprehension. Both sides misread the other constantly.
Labels: Grand Blueprint
The current icon shows Polistra using a Personal Equation Machine.